Shaper Machine Types

Types of Shaper Machines:

Following are the different types of shaper machines:

1. Based on the type of driving mechanism:

i. Crank type shaper

ii. Geared type shaper

iii. Hydraulic type shaper

2. Based on ram travel:

i. Horizontal shaper

ii. Vertical shaper

3. Based on the table design:

i. Standard shaper

ii. Universal shaper

4. Based on cutting stroke:

i. Push cut type

ii. Draw cut type

1. Bases on the Type of Driving Mechanism:

Following are the various sorts of shaper machines supported the sort of driving mechanism.

i. Crank Type Shaper Machine:

These are very common types of shaper machines, which are using to hold the workpiece on the table. The tool is reciprocating in motion equal to the length of the stroke desired while the work is clamped in position on an adjustable table.

In construction, the crank shaper employs a crank mechanism to vary the circular motion of an outsized gear called “bull gear” incorporated within the machine to reciprocation motion of the ram.

It uses a crank mechanism to convert the circular motion of the bull gear into reciprocating motion of the ram. The ram carries a tool head at its end and provides the cutting action.

ii. Gear Type Shaper Machine:

In these sorts of shaper machines, the ram is reciprocating. The ram is affecting due to reciprocating motion with the rack and pinion. The rack teeth are cut directly below the ram mesh with the spur wheel.

The speed and the direction in which the machine will traverse depend on the number of gears in the gear train. This type of shaper machines isn't widely using in any industry.

iii. Hydraulic Shaper Machine:

In these sorts of shaper machines, the reciprocating motion of the ram is provided by the hydraulic mechanism. The Hydraulic shaper uses the oil under high pressure. The end of the connecting rod is connected to the ram.

The high-pressure oil first acts on one side of the piston and then on the other causing the piston to reciprocating and the motion is transmitted to the ram. The main advantages of this type of shaper machine are that the cutting speed and force of the ram drive are constant. From start to end of the cut without making noise and operates quietly.

2. Based on Ram Travel:

Following are the various sorts of shaper machine supported ram travel.

i. Horizontal Shaper Machine:

 In these sorts of shaper machines, the ram is reciprocating. The ram holding the tool in a horizontal axis and reciprocate. This type of shaper is using for the production of flat surfaces, external grooves, keyways etc.

ii. Vertical Shaper Machine:

In these sorts of shaper machines, the ram reciprocating in vertical plane. In this, the table holds the workpiece. Vertical shapers maybe crank driven, rack-driven, screw-driven or hydraulic power-driven.

 The vertical shaper is very convenient for machining internal surfaces, keyways, slots or grooves. The workpiece can move in any given directions such as the cross, longitudinal or rotary movements. This type of shaper is suitable for machining internal surfaces, slots and keyways.

3. Based on The Table Design:

Following are the various sorts of shaper machine supported the table design.

i. Standard Shaper Machine:

In this sorts of shaper machines, the table has only two movements, vertical and horizontal, to give the feed. That’s why it known as standard shaper machine. Here the table is not supporting at the outer end.

ii. Universal Shaper Machine:

In these types of shaper machines, additionally to the 2 moments vertical and horizontal, the table can be moving in an inclined axis and also it can swivel on its own axis.

Since the workpiece mounted on the can be adjusted in different planes, the shaper is suitable for a different type of operations and is given the name “Universal”. This type of shaper is usually using the tool room works.

4. Based on Cutting Stroke:

Following are the various sorts of shaper machine supported cutting stroke.

i. Push cut Shaper Machine:

In these types of shaper machines, the metal is removed within the progress of the ram. This is commonly used types of shaper machines.

ii. Draw cut Shaper Machine:

In these types of shaper machines, the metal is removed in the backward motion of the ram. In this shaper, the tool is fixed in the tool head in the reverse direction so that it provides the cutting action in the reverse stroke of the ram.