Ferrous Metals Types
Types of Ferrous Metals:
Following
are the 4 common types of Ferrous Metals:
1.
Pig Iron
2.
Wrought Iron
3.
Cast Iron
4.
Steel
Pig
Iron is that the first or basic form during which Iron is ready because the
metal from its ores. It is, therefore, impure and crude and requires subsequent
processing to develop Cast, Wrought Iron, and Steel, which are the common
Ferrous Metals used in construction and industries.
It
is the purest form of Iron, containing all impurities below a limit of 0.5
percent. And carbon is included in these impurities, its proportion being
generally less than 0.12 percent. Besides, Wrought Iron always contains a small
proportion of slag in the silicate component. The source material for the
manufacture of Wrought Iron is Pig Iron.
Cast
Iron is derived from the Pig Iron. Pig Iron, due to its impurities, is weak and
hence very difficult to shape into various forms. Therefore, iron is remolded
during a furnace and cast or poured into molds of the specified shape to urge
the Iron referred to as forged iron .
4. Steel:
Steel
is an alloy of Iron and carbon, where the carbon content is less than 1.7%. If
the carbon content in Steel exceeds 1.7%, it doesn't combine with the Iron, but
it's present as free graphite. Besides carbon, many other metals can also be
present additionally to Iron, giving rise to great sorts of Steel. On the idea
of the presence of free graphite, differentiation of Steel and forged iron are
often made. If there's a free graphite present, it's a forged iron, otherwise a
Steel. The hardness and toughness of Steel increase with the increase in carbon
content up to 1.7%.
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